Improvement in churns



'D C. MERRILL.

Churn.

Patented March 26, 1867.

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DANIEL C. MERRILL, OF SOUTH PARTS, MAINE. Letters Patent No. 63,282, dated March 26, 1867.

IMPROVEMENT IN GHURNS.

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TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, DANIEL C. MERRILL, of South Paris, in the county of Oxford, and State of Maine, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Churns; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled in the 'art to make and use the same, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a side view of my improved churn, part of the lower part of the churn body being broken away to show the construction of the dasher.

Figure 2 is a side view of the same, part of the gear-wheel and standard beingbroken away to show the manner in which the dasher is operated.

Figure 3 is a top view of the dasher, dasher handle, and slide or arm detached from the other parts of the apparatus.

Figure 4 is a detail view showing the extension, by means of which the apparatus is adapted to churns of any.diameter.

Figure 5 is a detail sectional view of the adjustable socket in the balance-wheel.

Similar letters of reference indicate like parts.

My invention consists in the construction of the dasher; in making the horizontal arm ofthe standard adjustable, so that it may be extended or contracted to accommodate different-sized churns; in combining an adjustable slide or socketwith the balance-wheel for the reception of the end of the adjustable sliding arm attached to the dasher handle; and in the combination of an air-pump with a dasher churn in such a way that the discharging pipe of said pump may enter through the bottom of the churn, the whole being constructed and arranged as hereinafter more fully described.

A is the body of the churn, which stands upon a low platform, 13, so as to leave space for the introduction of the pipe of the air-pump beneath the bottom of the churn. C is a socket or keeper attached to the side of the churn near its top for the reception of the lower end of the standard D. The standard D, at the top of the churn body A, curves outward, and then passes up vertically, terminating in a horizontal arm, cl, extending out over the centre of the churn to act as a guide to the dasher handle E. The outer end of the horizontal arm 02 is made adjustable by being secured to the inner or stationary part of said arm by a bolt passing through the said stationary part and through a slot in the adjustable part, as shown in figs. 1 and 4. The upper end of the dasher handle E works up and down through a hole in the outer end of the adjustable arm cl, and is kept in place by a key, as shown in fig. 4. F is a shaft passing through and revolving in hearings in the standard D. To the inner end of the shaft F is secured the balance-wheel G, and to its outer end is secured the gear-wheel H. The outer end of the shaft F is squared for the reception of the crank I, by which the churn is operated. J is an adjustable sliding socket secured to the balance-wheel G by bolts and nuts, so that it may be moved nearer to or farther from the centre of said wheel to shorten or lengthen the stroke of the dasher as may be desired. K is an adjustable arm placed upon the dasher handle E, and secured in any desired position by the set-screw k. The outer end of the arm K is made of such a form as to enter and work in the adjustable socket J. As the balance-wheel revolves it carries the arm K with it, thus communicating to the dasher a vertical and, at the same time an oscillating motion., The lower end of the dashcr handle E is enlarged, and the dasher L is formed by passing square arms, angle downwards, horizontally through them. The arms of the dasher are arranged in two circles, the one above the other, in such a way that the arms of'the upper circle shall be directly above the spaces between the arms of the lower circle, as shown in fig. 1. By constructing the dasher in this manner, the currents of cream, caused by the passage of the dasher through it, are so interrupted and deflected as to throw the said cream into violent agitation, bringing the butter in a very short time. M is an ordinary air-pump, the discharging pipe m of which passes beneath the bottom of the churn, and enters the said churn through the middle part of said bottom, so as to deliver the air beneath the cream. N is the piston-rod, the upper end of which is pivoted by a crank-pin, O, to the gear-wheel P. The journal of the gear-wheel l? is secured to the standard D in such a position that the teeth of said gear-wheel may mesh into the teeth of the gear-wheel H. The projecting end of the crank-pin O is so formed that the crank I may be placed upon it whenever it is desired to operate the churn with a small expenditure of power.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. Making the horizontal'arm d of the standard D adjustable, so that it Indy be extended or contracted, substantially as herein shown e'nd described and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination of an adjustable slide or socket, J, with the balance-wheel G, for the reception of the end of the arm K adjustably attached to the dasher handle E, substantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose set forth v 3. Combining an air-pump, M, with the churn A, in such a way that the discharging pipe m of said pump may enter the churn through the middle part of its bottom, substantially as herein shown and described.

DANIEL C. MERRILL.

Witnesses:

TIMOTHY B. BARKER, Jsmus E. CASWELL. 

